Android is a mobile operating-system platform used by many device manufacturers. It provides the software foundation for smartphones, tablets and other connected devices while supporting a large ecosystem of applications.

How Android Developed

Android emerged as smartphones became capable of handling web browsing, applications, media, navigation and other tasks beyond calls and text messages. Google acquired Android Inc. in 2005, and the first commercial Android phone arrived in 2008.

Open-Source Foundation

Much of Android is developed through the Android Open Source Project. Device manufacturers can adapt that foundation for different hardware while adding their own interfaces and features.

Applications

Android supports applications for communication, productivity, entertainment, navigation and many other purposes. Apps may be distributed through Google Play and, depending on the device and settings, other sources.

Customization

Manufacturers can differentiate Android devices through hardware and software, while users can customize features such as home screens, widgets and default applications.

Security and Updates

Android includes application permissions, sandboxing and other security mechanisms. Security also depends on timely operating-system and application updates, device configuration and responsible installation practices.

A Broad Device Ecosystem

Android's availability across different manufacturers and price ranges has helped create a diverse mobile-device ecosystem. Features and update policies can vary significantly between devices.