Climate can be define as the overall pattern of weather that prevails from year to year or from century to century in a particular space. Many factors such as temperature, humidity, wind, rainfall, etc. determine the region’s specific climate. Above board, climate has been changing since the trace of life but has never changed so fast as it is now. Biologists and meteorologists are facing climate change as a major challenge of the time. Even the biomes are determined by its climate. The climate is so important as it is used to know what type of organism is and how are the characteristics of it in ecology.
SOME MAJOR CLIMATES OF THE WORLD:
Of course, climate is not uniform on the Earth. There are different climates in different parts of the world. Some parts of the Earth are very hot and rainy. The climate in that regions is tropical wet climate. While northern areas are covered with snow and are very cold. They have polar climate. Others important climates are temperate, highland, dry etc. Climate includes atmospheric pressure, fogginess, humidity, cloud cover etc. The most common features of a place climate are temperature and precipitation. Changes in day to day, year to year, decade to decade and variations of season also help determine specific climate. For example, India and Pakistan have very similar yearly climate (temperatures and precipitations), but the daily and seasonal climate of these countries make them very different.
DEMONSTRATIONS OF CLIMATE CHANGES:
- Rising of sea level
- Melting of ice caps and glaciers.
- Increase in the Earth’s average temperature.
CAUSES OF CHANGE IN CLIMATE:
There are the number of factors that are responsible for climate change. Some of them are below:
NATURAL CAUSES: Sometimes, nature is the big cause of climate change. Increase in rainfall, snowfall, etc. greatly effects the specific climate. Natural disasters such as storms, typhoons, cyclones, melting of glaciers also plays a prominent role in climate changing.
HUMAN ACTIVITIES: Human activities are the main genesis of climate changing.
TRANSPORTATION: Automobiles that are used for transportation, releases many primary pollutants in the atmosphere, causes pollution and thus affects the region’s climate.
CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY RESOURCES: Excessive burning of non-renewable sources of Earth, releases certain gases in the environment. These gases are able of entrapped heat. Thus, changes the specific climate.
DEFORESTATION: Cutting down of trees is one of the main root of climate change. Trees are responsible for maintaining Carbon dioxide (CO2) level in the air and rainfall. Certainly, the climate of an area change, if we cuts down the trees.
GLOBAL WARMING: Global warming is the increase in the Earth’s average temperature. This is the main cause of changing climate.
INDUSTRIES: Heavy industries release effluents and hazardous gases in the environment, causes pollution and climate change.
URBANIZATION: Process of making an area more urban is called urbanization. Urbanization includes making new houses and buildings, making highways etc. For urbanization, there is a need of a large space, so, for this purpose, forests are being cutting down. It affects directly on climate.
EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE:
The consequences of climate change are melting polar ice and glaciers, flooding, drought, catalysmic storms, rising sea level, declining biodiversity, increasing in diseases, wildfires, hotter temperatures, scarcity of fresh water and many more.
